Teach you a few practical tips for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings

Rolling bearings are widely used in equipment. The condition of rolling bearings is directly related to the operating state of rotating equipment. Especially in large-scale continuous production enterprises, it is widely used in important parts of large-scale rotating equipment. Therefore, in actual production, the rolling bearing condition monitoring and Fault diagnosis is an important part of equipment maintenance and management. After long-term practice and exploration, we have accumulated some practical skills for the actual fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.

First, the method and key points of rolling bearing fault diagnosis

A practical method for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling bearings is vibration analysis.

In practice, you need to pay attention to the location and acquisition method of the measuring point. In order to accurately and accurately reflect the vibration state of the rolling bearing, it must be noted that the collected signal is accurate and true. Therefore, the measuring point should be arranged in the nearest place to the bearing. Generally, there is a rear fan cover at the free end of the motor, and the measuring point is selected in the fan cover fixing screw. Good monitoring results. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the multiple acquisition and analysis of the vibration signal, and comprehensively compare. To get an accurate conclusion.

Second, the characteristics of rolling bearings normal operation and practical diagnostic techniques

In the long-term production status monitoring, we found that the rolling bearing showed strong regularity during its use and the repeatability was very good. Normal high-quality bearings are relatively small in vibration and noise at the beginning of use, but the spectrum is somewhat scattered and the amplitude is small, which may be due to some defects in the manufacturing process, such as surface burrs.

After a period of motion, the vibration and noise are maintained at a certain level, and the spectrum is very single, only one or two times the frequency. There are very few spectrums above the power frequency, and the bearing status is very stable and enters a stable working period.

After continuing to run, the bearing vibration and noise begin to increase, and sometimes abnormal sounds occur, but the vibration increase changes slowly. At this time, the bearing kurtness value suddenly reaches a certain value. We believe that the bearing is an initial failure at this time.

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What aspects should be considered in the selection of rolling bearings?

There are many types of rolling bearings and a wide range of sizes. In order to select the most suitable bearing for the design purpose, it is necessary to integrate the mechanical conditions, the performance requirements of the bearing, the specifications of the bearing, and the market and economy. analysis.

Since the bearing diameter is generally determined first, then the bearing is selected first, and the bearing type is preliminarily determined based on the bearing inner diameter and considering the bearing installation space and configuration mode. Secondly, the analysis and comparison of the "mechanical required bearing life" and "press Bearing life calculated by bearing load "determines the size of the bearing; finally, it is necessary to determine the internal structure of the bearing such as accuracy level, internal clearance, cage, lubricant, etc.

The general steps for selection are:

1. Determination of bearing type and configuration. (Reference factors are: bearing installation space; bearing load size, direction and nature; speed; rotation accuracy; noise and friction torque; rigidity; relative inclination of inner and outer rings; installation and disassembly; bearing configuration; Sex and economy).

2. Determination of bearing size. (mechanical required bearing life; equivalent dynamic load; equivalent static load; speed; main bearing size; basic dynamic load rating; basic static load rating; allowable axial load).

3. Determination of the accuracy level. (rotation accuracy; noise and friction torque; speed; bearing accuracy).

4, with the internal clearance. (The size and nature of the load; the temperature at the time of operation; the material, size and precision of the shaft and the outer casing; the fit; the temperature difference between the inner and outer rings; the rotational speed; the preload; the bearing accuracy; the internal clearance of the bearing).

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